An enlargement is to make bigger. In mathematics we would need to multiply by a factor greater than one.

Example:
6 x 1.2
3 x 2
4 x 4

A reduction is to make smaller. In mathematics we would need to multiply by a factor less than one but greater than zero.

Example:
6 x 0.9
5 x 0.4
7 x 0.8


Scale factor- The constant factor by which all dimension of object are to be enlarged or reduced in a scale drawing.






If a rectangle that is (3x5) is to be enlarge by a scale factor of 1.3, What are it's new dimension?


3.9 x 6.5

3 x 1.3= 3.9
5 x 1.3= 6.5

If the same rectangle (3x5) is to be reduce by a scale factor of 0.6, What are the new dimension? 1.8 x 3

3 x 0.6= 1.8
5x 0.6= 3


To make an enlargement or reduction it must be proportional. That is, it must maintain it's original shape, but not it's size.





Enlargements and reductions can also be made using diffirent sized graph paper. Artist often use this method when drawing large murals from a small original.